22 A very large orange-colored betel-nut, first seen at Ambon, is in common use here; but I have not seen it growing. April 16th. Leaving xxxxx Labuha about midnight we stood in to the island of Makian at day- light to load copra. The business of loading this with the ships boats towed by two launches cooupied all the morning. A great deal of copra is produced at this place. Today we loaded over 3000 sacks. Makian is the first of a line of volcanic cones forming small islands off the west coast of Halmahera; the others, all of them still active being Moti, 690 m; Tidore, 1730 m; and Ternate, 1750 m. Makian is 1357 m. high, and except for a grassy summit, and 500 m. of its lower slopes planted with coconuts, covered with luxuriant rain-forest in which a tall Albizzia? is a very abundant and striking tree. The other islands of the chain are similar in character. Conspicuous at the water's edge at the port of Makian, part of the outer wall of an ancient fort built by the Portugeese. The town has a population of perhaps 2 or 3 thousand natives and the usual Chinese storekeepers. Judging by the number of prows drawn up on the shore and the presence of very large fish-traps, the natives must live largely on fish. We landed as cargo chiefly rice and manufactured goods. Weaving is done by the women folks. The houses are of atap and s plit bamboo or sago leafstalks as a rule, with a considerable number also of cemented and faced volcanic rubble. Was impressed by the large numbers of small children and also the abundance of small black or brown goats in the town. At about 4 PM we drew in to the pier at the historic old town of Ternate, the last sizable town we shall see in the eastern islands. The chief feature of inter est is the old fort (Fort Oranje), the largest I have seen in the Indies: still in good repair and surrounded by a deep dry moat. The older part of the town itself was evidently built with an eye for defense. A place of high walls of massive stonework with narrow alleys and few doorways. Saw a number of tallish dark people of Arabian countenance and one shop kept by Japanese but most business