Fulica americana 495 June 13 Jewel Lake, 510 ft., Contra Costa Co., Calif.- holding on with his claws, and making his wings to balance, then he leaped back, as with the ♂ E birds at Temescal, in transmission proceeded, to the count of 1001/1002--and finished, he popped off into the water while she stood up and preened. He moved off feeding, and a couple of minutes later he was feeding with the immatures at FG 12-13 and she at HT 4-5. The elapsed time was about 3 minutes between when he left the immatures copulated and returned. The mutual notes and display were involved, that is, the "coughing" of the ♂, the chase with the ♀ bracing, the arch and the post-copulatory preening by the ♀, but there was no preliminary courtship play, no billing, nibbling and otherwise displaying, vocally or otherwise. One immature still has restricted undertail coverts, but they are present. The others all have fairly well developed tail coverts. This bird with the poorly defined tail coverts has the lightest frontal surface; this 2 more are not a whole lot darker. The darkest has a big medium gray frontal surface, no light gray and a very dark band down to the nape at the neck.