Fourth Archbold Expedition to New Guinea 1953 Territory of Papua
Page 119
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Transcription
a letter or number by which the two may be identified. The symbol may be scratched on the capsule with a pin, or written with India ink. 8. Slides. These come by the dozen or half gross. The price per slide falls as the quantity rises. 9. Cover glasses, available in several sizes, and in two shapes, round and rectangular. They are sold by the ounce. Half an ounce will be plenty to begin with. 10. Some supports to hold up the cover glasses and prevent the specimens from being squashed as the balsam dries and shrinks. Supply houses offer, for this purpose, cover-glass size plastic rings of various thicknesses called "cells." These are tidy to use, and look well, but they retard the drying of the balsam by excluding the air. It is just as practical, and cheaper, to support your covers with fragments of broken cover glasses as shown in Fig. 9. If the steel snaps when bent, grasp the bow of the pin with pliers and heat the ends red hot over a gas flame. Allow the pin to cool slowly, without quenching. This will remove the temper, so that you can bend the metal easily. 14. Gummed paper labels a little less than an inch square, fine pen, and India ink, for marking the slides. 15. Slide boxes in which to store the finished product. One of these is shown in Fig. 10. 16. A jig or pattern by which to center the speci- mens on the slides. Although not strictly necessary Fig. 9. Newly assembled microscope slide. Note label, cover- glass stilts, and bobby pin clamp. cover-glass, if the specimens are thin, and with bits of transparent plastic sheeting of appropriate thickness, if they are bulky. These stilts will scarcely show in the finished slide, and since they do not entirely sur- round the balsam, they permit it to dry more rapidly. 11. Tools for handling the specimens, including fine forceps, mounted needles and medicine dropper. 12. Absorbent paper, such as blotters, towelling, or facial tissues. 13. Bobby-pins, bent into clamps for holding Fig. 11. A jig for centering specimens on microscope slides. this is a useful gadget which will save you more time than its construction will require. Fig. 11 is a picture of a jig. To make it, you need two rectangular pieces of cardboard, about four inches by two. Lay a glass slide on the lower right-hand corner of one of the pieces, matching the edges, and draw a line around it. Cut out the corner of the cardboard, following the outline carefully. Glue the two pieces of card to- gether, matching the three remaining corners, and put them to press under a heavy book until dry. You will now have a thin block of cardboard with a slide-size depression in one corner. With a ruler, locate the mid point of this depression. Mark it. With this point as center, draw a circle or rectangle the size of a cover glass. This locates the area which the cover- glass will occupy on the finished slide. A biological specimen imbedded for scientific study must be not only covered but completely filled with resin to make it clearly visible. A trace of water in the specimen will fog the balsam. An air bubble inside the animal deflects the light and obscures the image. To replace the natural liquids and gasses of the body with a transparent, and ultimately solid, substance is the purpose of slide preparation pro- cesses. The body fluids of animals are largely water. Balsam is soluble only in oils. The incompatibility of 9