Holmes, R. 1962 Erolia ferruginea 12 June Barrow, Alaska The bird & tossed them to the side (not with the shaggy to see other species - where the grass is dropped into. The cup at the side of the animal) but more off to the side. The bird then walked off, hunched over. To another nest cup. The bird was facing away from us. The feet were being used about to dry out. The bottom (the cup - several pieces of vegetation (mess?) were thrown into the air by the rapid scratching motion of foot then the other. It seems that this nest cup sitting + nest scraping is all part of the ground courtship display. The 9 was always in the vicinity but usually - at least 50' away. The 8 was very noisy during the nest cup sitting - once giving a hill phase (5 in 8 sec.) in succession for 2-3 minutes - well short pauses at irregular intervals (see Pikiha - for more quantitative measurements). At the end of this a couple of whines were given, the bird stood up - walked off (hunched). The song is given on the ground as well as in the air + is part of the courtship - since it does not seem to be part of concerned with announcements. It has been characterized before - but a new rendition - never is presented below.