Holmes, R. 1954 Erolia melanotos 7 August Barrow, Alaska and their shaking vigorously allowing the water to reach various parts of the body. Afterwards, the birds would stand and preen for several minutes. Occasionally, as the birds were feeding in the shallow water or in the exposed mud, one bird would supplant another. This was observed several times, but did not appear to apply to any particular patch of ground, for the supplanting bird would move a few feet away and repeat the performance and then keep on moving. The supplanting action was accomplished by lowering the head and chasing the intruder for one to two feet, and then feeding was resumed. The supplanting was shot at for puppet sex determination, but unfortunately escaped. Other birds present (well, the supplanted) appeared to be females. 9 August Barrow, Alaska Many scattered individuals, all apparent females were seen during